However, there are some disadvantages to using social media. One of the most serious disadvantages is social media addiction. People can easily become addicted to social media, spending excessive amounts of time scrolling through news feeds and checking notifications. This can have a negative impact on their mental and physical health, and harm the personal development of young people. Another downside to social media is the spread of false news. While social media make it easy to spread useful information, false information often spreads seven more rapidly, leading to confusion or even conflict in our society.

In conclusion, social media have their advantages and disadvantages. While they give us a way to connect with each other, stay informed and promote good causes, we must also be aware of the dangers of social media addiction and misinformation. Therefore, it is essential to use social media responsibly in our day-to-day lives.

(Adapted from Bright 12 Workbook)

Question 23: The word their in paragraph 1 refers to _______.

A. billions of people B. purposes
C. social media platforms D. drawbacks

Question 24: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advantage of social media according to paragraph 2?

A. connecting people across locations and nations
B. providing a means to communicate and share information
C. offering an easy way to access current information
D. offering mental and physical benefits

Question 25: The word reliable in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______.

A. undependable B. trustworthy C. valid D. valuable

Question 26: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

A. Social media addiction is a minor issue compared to other disadvantages.
B. Addiction to social media is one of its least concerning problems.
C. Social media can lead to many issues, with addiction being the most harmful.
D. A major drawback of social media is its potential to cause addiction.

Question 27: The word conflict in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by _______.
A. approval B. disagreement C. understanding D. assistance

Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Spending too much time on social media can hinder the personal growth of individuals.
B. Social media is ineffective in raising awareness about important causes.
C. Most people are aware of false news spreading quickly on social media.
D. The benefits of social media outweigh the disadvantages, so there's no need to use it responsibly.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention a positive causal relationship?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer highlight the importance of careful usage?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] On Sunday afternoon, food delivery rider Jim Adams, 18, was rushed to hospital with a suspected broken leg. [II] He’d been struck by a car while riding his bike. [III] Jim, like many young adults, is a gig worker and was delivering an order when the accident happened. [IV]

A 'gig' is a paid piece of work that people do, especially if they are self-employed. Unlike regular employees, gig workers do not have benefits such as paid sick leave and a minimum wage. They have no job security, so their workload, and therefore their pay, is unpredictable. This makes budgeting impossible and means that gig workers can be exploited – when there are bills to pay, any job for any fee will do.

You might think such work conditions would put people off, but it’s estimated that almost 25 percent of American workers are now employed in the gig economy and this is expected to rise. It's difficult to wrap your head around such a statistic. So what's the attraction? Well, there are plenty of people like Jim – a university student – whose circumstances don't allow them to work normal hours. They're not happy about their lack of rights, but they have no choice but to do this kind of job. Equally, there are students who choose gig work because of the freedom it gives them to make their own decisions about when to wake up, when to work and how much work to take on. For them, gig work is a great solution.

So is gig work worth it for young people? Well, it’s convenient for students trying to balance work and study. It also helps to develop self-discipline and a work ethic which will stand them in good stead later in life. But there’s a danger that, over time, the gig economy will normalise casual work and employment benefits will then become a thing of the past. And if you're injured on the job, like Jim was, bad luck… help won’t be at hand. You’ll be on your own.

(Adapted from Discovery 12 Workbook)

Question 31: Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?
Despite his injury, Jim was most concerned about how he would support himself while unable to work.

A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]

Question 32: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit that gig workers lack according to paragraph 2?

A. job security B. paid sick leave C. minimum wage D. added bonus

Question 33: The phrase wrap your head around in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by _______.

A. understand B. confuse C. ignore D. predict

Question 34: The word it in paragraph 3 refers to _______.

A. freedom B. gig work C. choice D. solution

Question 35: The word unpredictable in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______.

A. unexpected B. changeable C. stable D. uncertain

Question 36: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

A. The gig economy is appealing mainly due to the ability to set one's own working hours.
B. Gig work has limited benefits but is necessary for students to manage their time effectively.
C. Despite its disadvantages, gig work is becoming more popular as it offers freedom and flexibility.
D. Many American workers are now employed in the gig economy, and this number is expected to grow.

Question 37: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The term "gig" refers to a type of bicycle used for food delivery.
B. The nature of gig work means that workers can be taken advantage of.
C. Employers are responsible for providing workers' benefits in the gig economy.
D. A benefit of gig work is that work is always available whenever you need it.

Question 38: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. It focuses on building self-discipline and a work ethic that will give immediate employment opportunities.
B. It prevents personal growth and the development of skills that are important in life.

C. It also aids in building self-discipline and a work ethic that will benefit them in the future.
D. It also helps us develop resilience and the ability to cope with pressure for the rest of our lives.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. More traditional positions will become available because the gig economy is expected to decline.
B. Gig work is suitable for those who prioritize earning money over studying.
C. Jim is highly likely to receive assistance from one of the gig jobs he is doing.
D. There is a risk that due to the gig economy there will be a decline in workers' rights.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A. Gig work offers flexibility and freedom attractive to many workers but raises concerns about instability, exploitation, and a lack of employment benefits, leaving individuals unsupported in emergencies.

B. Many workers choose gig employment primarily for its financial benefits despite unpredictable incomes, limited employment protections, and challenges related to long-term financial planning.

C. The growth of the gig economy highlights a trend toward flexible, independent work favored by many despite

significant drawbacks, including inadequate rights, job security, and vulnerability to exploitation.

D. Gig work ensures workers have stable incomes, comprehensive job security, and sufficient employment benefits, enabling individuals to work independently while remaining fully protected.

----- HẾT -----

ĐỀ PHÁT TRIỂN MINH HOẠ SỐ 10:

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

THE FUTURE OF SHENZHEN

Shenzhen, a city in southern China, is expected (1) ______ a national model of high-quality development by 2035, as well as one of the leading cities in the world in terms of economic strength. In order to reach this goal, the Chinese government will have to carry out a wide variety of reforms for Shenzhen, regarding legal, financial, medical and (2) ______ sectors. Moreover, the Chinese government is encouraging international organisations and big companies to set up branches or headquarters in Shenzhen. A "big data" center will also be established (3) ______ the city. The Shenzhen Special Economic Zone is part of the China Greater Bay Area development plan, (4) ______ Hong Kong, Macau and eight other major cities in southern China. The plan (5) ______ long-term goals for 2035 to induce faster growth in the region. This includes turning the Greater Bay Area into a (6) ______ and financial powerhouse.

(Adapted from C21 Smart 11 Students' Book)

Question 1: A. to become B. to becoming C. becoming D. become

Question 2: A. society B. socialize C. social D. socially

Question 3: A. at B. to C. on D. in

Question 4: A. connected B. is connecting C. connecting D. which connect

Question 5: A. sets B. holds C. makes D. gets

Question 6: A. global center innovation B. global innovation center
C. innovation global center D. center innovation global

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

HOW A PLANT-BASED DIET CAN HELP SAVE THE PLANET

Saving the environment doesn't have to be expensive. You don't need to buy an electric car – just change your diet! Here are (7) ______ of the biggest benefits of choosing a plant-based diet:

We would reduce greenhouse gases.

According to the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), farmed livestock produce 14.5% of the world’s greenhouse gases. If we all ate plant-based diets, we would reduce a large (8) ______ of food-related greenhouse gases by 70% by 2050.

We would save water.

Farming (9) ______ about 70% of all freshwater use and nearly one-third of that is for livestock. Do you know how much water is used to produce just one kilogram of beef? Over 15,000 liters! Beans, (10) ______, need about 4,000 liters per kilogram and vegetables need just over 300 liters on average.

We would save forests and wild animals.

In many parts of the world, forests are being cut down to make land for farming. Deforestation leads to many problems, but the most (11) ______ one is that wild animals lose their homes. According to FAO, of all the land we use for farming, 77% is used for livestock, including the land we use to grow their food. If we ate less meat and planted more food for humans, we would have more land for forests and wild animals. Eating less meat is one of the best ways to reduce your (12) ______ on the planet. If you start eating more plant-based foods, you might even like vegetables more than meat!

(Adapted from i-Learn Smart World 10 Students’ book)

Question 7: A. much B. little C. some D. a lot

Question 8: A. variety B. quantity C. quality D. several

Question 9: A. turns off B. keeps on C. consists of D. takes up

Question 10: A. on the other hand B. in addition C. for example D. as a result

Question 11: A. complex B. normal C. obvious D. different

Question 12: A. impact B. action C. danger D. power

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

Question 13:

a. Lan: That's fantastic. My cousin works at a kindergarten and the children love being in his class.

b. Lan: It's great to have another week full of activities and trips at the camp.

c. Mark: Oh, yeah. I like the trip to the kindergarten most. The kids were adorable and the teachers were great. I think I'll be a kindergarten teacher.

(Adapted from Global Success 10 Students' book)

A. c – a – b B. a – c – b C. c – b – a D. b – c – a

Question 14:
a. Nam: Oh, I really want to beat them. Let's keep practicing for the final game.
b. Nam: Why not? You're an important member of the team!
c. Minh: Next Tuesday, we have a football game against class 10B.

d. Minh: They won't let us score easily. Anyway, my mom may not let me play then.
e. Minh: I'm reviewing my English lessons. I hope to pass next Friday.

(Adapted from Explore New Worlds 10 Students' book)

A. c – a – d – b – e B. d – b – c – a – e C. d – a – e – b – c D. c – b – e – a – d

Question 15:
Hi Diane,

a. I am getting in touch to ask for more information about the course, as I have a number of questions that I would like to ask.

b. First, what are the dates and times of the next course?

c. Thank you for your letter informing me that I have won the competition. I am pleased and I would like to participate in the 'Teen Cuisine' experience.

d. Thank you once again for choosing my menu as the winner. Write back and answer my questions soon.
e. Also, do I need to bring anything with me? I do not have my own special clothing or kitchen equipment.

Yours sincerely,

Nguyễn Thu Hương

(Adapted from Discovery 11 Students' book)

A. e – a – c – d – b B. b – d – e – c – a C. c – a – b – e – d D. d – b – e – a – c

Question 16:

a. Or you can go swimming in one of the hotel's beautiful pools and watch the monkeys and birds in the trees above you.

b. There are two excellent restaurants and after dinner you can go for a drink in one of four treetop bars.

c. Ariau Amazon Towers is one of the most incredible hotels I've ever stayed in.

d. What makes it so special is that most of the hotel is up in the trees – 30 meters above the ground!

e. It's in the middle of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil, about 60 kilometres from Manaus, the nearest city.

(Adapted from Friends Global 11)

A. b – d – e – c – a B. c – e – d – b – a C. c – d – b – e – a D. b – c – e – d – a

Question 17:

a. This vitamin is important for strong bones and a healthy immune system, and it also makes people feel happier.

b. Spending a long time in the sun is dangerous and can give you skin cancer.

c. Therefore, it is often recommended that being outdoors in the early morning for just about 15 minutes a day without sunscreen should make you wonder.

d. On the other hand, not spending enough time in the sun is also bad for you because sunlight helps us to produce vitamin D.

e. Sadly, many people don’t get enough sunlight nowadays because they wear sunscreen all the time, especially on their faces.

(Adapted from Friends Global 12)

A. a – e – d – b – c B. b – d – a – e – c C. b – d – e – c – a D. e – c – b – d – a

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

rural areas. Counter-urbanisation is a new phenomenon with several benefits and potential problems for the whole nation.

Counter-urbanisation can bring positive effects on a country. (19) ______. What's more, it can even create opportunities for rural development as an increase in the rural population can encourage significant investment in businesses and infrastructure in the countryside.

However, counter-urbanisation has also brought challenges to rural areas in some cases. (20) ______. This puts a strain on rural infrastructure and services. At the same time, there is a real risk of environmental damage as more people move into previously undeveloped areas. Caused by increased human activities in these areas, (21) ______.

In conclusion, counter-urbanisation is a new trend (22) ______. Therefore, local governments and communities will need to work together to effectively manage public services, energy supplies and natural resources in order to promote economic extensions and sustainable development.

(Adapted from Bright 12 Students' book)

Question 18:
A. has become increasingly common in Vietnam in recent years
B. having become increasingly common in Vietnam in recent years
C. which has become increasingly common in Vietnam in recent years
D. who has become increasingly common in Vietnam in recent years

Question 19:

A. Alleviating issues such as overcrowding, traffic congestion, and pollution in those urban areas, major cities can relocate

B. The flow of people moving from major cities to rural areas can contribute to overcrowding, traffic congestion, and pollution in urban areas

C. Issues such as overcrowding, traffic congestion, and pollution in those urban areas can be exacerbated by the movement of people

D. Moving away from major cities can help to alleviate issues such as overcrowding, traffic congestion, and pollution in those urban areas

Question 20:
A. Many rural areas lack basic amenities such as medical facilities, schools and public transportation so that it is difficult for newcomers to settle in
B. Instead of making it difficult for newcomers to settle in, many rural areas lack basic amenities such as medical facilities, schools and public transportation
C. Many rural areas lack basic amenities such as medical facilities, schools and public transportation, making it difficult for newcomers to settle in
D. Lacking basic amenities such as medical facilities, schools and public transportation, newcomers find it difficult to settle in rural areas

Question 21:
A. ecosystems and biodiversity can be negatively impacted by environmental issues
B. local people can have a negative impact on ecosystems and biodiversity
C. the environment can suffer from the loss of ecosystems and biodiversity
D. environmental issues can have a negative impact on ecosystems and biodiversity

Question 22:
A. of which the advantages and disadvantages
B. that comes with advantages and disadvantages
C. comes with advantages and disadvantages
D. brings both advantages and disadvantages

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

On July 16, 1969, the Apollo 11 rocket was launched into space. Sitting inside were Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins. After a journey of around 238,855 miles and almost 110 hours, Armstrong and Aldrin became the first humans to step onto the moon. Over the next three years and five months, five more rockets traveled to the moon, and another 10 men stood on its surface. Or at least, this is what most people think.

Some people, however, believe that all of the evidence for the moon landings is fake. Research suggests that up to one quarter of people in some countries think that humans have never visited the moon. These people say pictures and videos from the moon’s surface show flags moving in the wind, but there is no wind on the moon. They also say that the pictures show no stars in the sky, so they could not have been taken by astronauts.

Do these points show that the moon landings did not happen? The answer is no. The piece of metal holding the top of the flag was damaged. The flag could not hang straight down. It looks like it is moving. And no stars can be seen in the photographs because the sun is very bright on the moon. It is so bright that the stars do not show up in the pictures. So, the moon landing did happen.

However, why so many people believe conspiracy theories is much more of a mystery. First, people may feel their lives are uncertain. This feeling can make people very uncomfortable. Conspiracy theories can give people a feeling of certainty, which is appealing. In addition, people may feel they have secret knowledge that other people do not have. This is also an appealing feeling.

(Adapted from Explore New Worlds 12 Students’ book)

Question 23: The word its in paragraph 1 refers to _______.

A. the space’s B. the moon’s C. the human’s D. the rocket’s

Question 24: The word fake in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______.

A. untrue B. false C. authentic D. misleading

Question 25: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the arguments used by people who believe the moon landings did not happen?

A. flags B. wind C. stars D. water

Question 26: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

A. The sunlight on the moon was so intense that it blocked out the stars in the photos.
B. The stars were too bright to appear in the pictures taken on the moon.
C. The moon’s surface was not visible in the photos due to the brightness of the sun.
D. The pictures from the moon showed the stars clearly because the sunlight was very weak.

Question 27: The word appealing in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by _______.

A. tedious B. attractive C. confusing D. frightening

Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The journey of Apollo 11 from Earth to the moon lasted less than 4 days.
B. The damaged flag in photos proves the moon landings didn't happen.

C. People believe conspiracy theories because they feel their lives are completely certain.
D. Believing in conspiracy theories can give people a sense of secret knowledge over others.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention a contrasting relationship related to the proof of moon landings?

A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer provide explanations for why some people are attracted to particular ideas?

A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Surely blogging or vlogging must be one of the easiest ways of finding fame and fortune? All you need is a computer and a hobby to talk about, don’t you? Well, although it looks simple, being a success in the blogosphere is actually a lot more difficult than it seems. [I] Kate Ross has been advising brands on how to work with bloggers and vloggers, and believes that if you start a blog or vlog just to earn money, it isn’t going to work. [II] Kate says you need to be passionate about your topic and you need to provide your readers or viewers with interesting content. [III] You also need to be aware that cash isn’t going to come rolling in overnight. [IV]

Seventeen-year-old Rosie Bea, who has a YouTube fashion channel, says her blog only started attracting the attention of advertisers after she had put in months and months of unpaid work and built up a big fan base. Rosie was also combining her vlog work with her law studies, and she advises vloggers in the same position to make sure that they plan carefully so that they have time to do both things properly.

So, while the tabloid press often talks about the instant success of young bloggers and vloggers, it isn’t really instant at all. The people who are successful have done well because they are hard-working and passionate about what they do. And it is this dedication and passion that attracts subscribers and advertisers to them. The press is only interested in them once they are in the public eye, but they have achieved their celebrity status through hours and hours of hard work.

(Adapted from Friends Global 12 Students’ book)

Question 31: The word fortune in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by _______.

A. luck B. fate C. chance D. wealth

Question 32: Where in paragraph 2 does the following sentence best fit?
If you don’t, your vlog or blog isn’t going to get positive feedback and attract subscribers.

A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]

Question 33: The phrase come rolling in overnight in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______.

A. take time to accumulate B. appear all at once
C. pour in without delay D. happen swiftly

Question 34: The word they in paragraph 3 refers to _______.

A. law studies B. vloggers C. advertisers D. viewers

Question 35: According to paragraph 3, which of the following is NOT mentioned as something Rosie Bea did?

A. She did unpaid work.
B. She built up a fan base.
C. She combined vlog work with law studies.
D. She asked for donations.

Question 36: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 1?

A. Blogging and vlogging are simple ways to gain fame and fortune.
B. Success in blogging and vlogging requires more effort than it appears.
C. Anyone can achieve fame by talking about hobbies online.
D. Blogging and vlogging are not effective methods of gaining fame.

Question 37: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Kate Ross believes that if we start a blog or vlog to earn money, it will definitely be successful.
B. Rosie Bea received money from advertisers in the first few months of starting her blog.
C. Kate emphasizes the importance of passion and offering engaging content to succeed.
D. Rosie found it quite challenging to combine her vlog work with her law studies.

Question 38: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. Success comes to those who work hard and have a strong passion for their work.
B. People succeed because they are lucky and happen to be in the right place.
C. Hard work and passion are not necessary to achieve success in any field.
D. People achieve success mainly because they are born with talent and skills.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Young bloggers and vloggers achieve instant success without much effort or preparation.
B. Subscribers and advertisers value the content more than the dedication put into creating it.
C. The press is primarily interested in existing fame, not the process of achieving it.
D. Everyone must do unpaid work before building a successful career or gaining recognition.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A. Blogging success depends on instant fame and fortune, achieved easily by anyone with a hobby and a computer, ignoring the need for long-term dedication.

B. To succeed in blogging, one must be passionate, offer engaging content, and understand that wealth accumulates over time, not instantly, through hard work.

C. Young bloggers and vloggers are often featured in the press, focusing on their fame, but forgetting to highlight the years of hard work behind their success.

D. Bloggers gain wealth by quickly attracting advertisers, and by combining hobbies with studies, they bypass the need for passion or long-term content strategy.

----- HẾT -----

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