Đề minh họa tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh có đáp án năm 2025 (Đề 32)

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

ENDING SCHOOL VIOLENCE AND BULLYING

Data about school violence and bullying:

School violence is widespread, takes place in all countries and affects a significant (7)_______ of children and adolescents. It is mostly perpetrated by peers but, in some cases, is perpetrated by teachers and other school (8) _______. School violence includes physical, psychological and sexual violence. In all regions except Europe and North America, physical bullying is the most common and sexual bullying is the second most common type of bullying. In Europe and North America, psychological bullying is the most common type of bullying.

What adults can do to prevent bullying:

·Help kids understand bullying. Talk about what bullying is and how to (9) _______ it safely. Tell kids bullying is unacceptable.

·Keep the lines of (10) _______ open. Check in with kids often. Listen to them. Know their friends, ask about school, and understand their concerns.

·Encourage kids to do what they love. Special activities, interests, and hobbies can boost confidence, and help kids make friends. (11) _______ their confidence and friendship, children can be protected from bullying behavior.

·By treating (12) _______ with kindness and respect, adults show the kids in their lives that there is no place for bullying. Kids will learn from adults' actions.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

WORK IN AN AUTOMATED FUTURE

Disruptive technologies are now dictating our future, as new innovations increasingly blur the lines between physical, digital and biological realms. Robots are already in our operating rooms and fast-food restaurants; we can now use 3D imaging and stem-cell extraction to grow human bones from a patient's own cells; and 3D printing is creating a circular economy in which we can use and then reuse raw materials.

This tsunami of technological innovation will continue to profoundly change how we live and work, and how our societies operate. In what is now called the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technologies that are coming of age including robotics, nanotechnology, virtual reality, 3D printing, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and advanced biology - will converge. And as these technologies continue to be developed and widely adopted, they will bring about radical shifts in all disciplines, industries and economies, and in the way that we produce, distribute, consume and dispose of goods and services.

These developments have provoked anxious questions about what role humans will play in a technology-driven world. A 2013 University of Oxford study estimates that almost half of all jobs in the United States could be lost to automation over the next two decades. On the other hand, economists such as Boston University's James Bessen argue that automation often goes hand in hand with the creation of new jobs. So which is it - new jobs or massive structural unemployment?

At this point, we can be certain that the Fourth Industrial Revolution will have a disruptive impact on employment, but no one can yet predict the scale of change. So, before we swallow all the bad news, we should look at history, which suggests that technological change more often affects the nature of work, rather than the opportunity to participate in the work itself.

(Adapted from The Jordan Times)

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6

If you are (1)_______ of tracking calorie intake, boring diets and not knowing where to start to improve your health, this is your app! At QNTCC, we offer you a different approach (2) _______ on a ketogenic and low-carbohydrate diet, without complications and with a lot of humor. What will you find (3) _______ the app?

Every Monday, you will receive a (4) _______with practical and realistic content so that you learn (5)_______ healthily, lose weight and, most importantly, enjoy the process. Here we also give you simple, tasty recipes adapted to your needs, so you can enjoy each meal without stress. This app can monitor your progress, record your meals and physical activity, and discover how small changes can have a big impact on your health.

Losing weight isn't just about numbers on the scale. It's about recovering your health, your energy and your life. No (6) _______ calories or obsessing about the scale. Just real food, easy recipes and healthy habits. Download QNTCC and discover how to eat well, lose weight and laugh in the process.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Contemporary crises from nuclear overarmament to the degradation of the biosphere - highlight the potentially absurd character of cosmic evolution. The essence of this drama can be described in three phases: nature generates complexity, complexity generates efficiency, and efficiency threatens the future of complexity.

Human beings possess prodigious intellectual faculties. They have split atoms, explored the solar system, and probed the first instants of the universe. [I]. The task they now face is incomparably more difficult: how to utilize the planet's finite resources to serve a projected population of 10 billion individuals. [II]. Our ancestors were never confronted with this problem. The Romans poured their wastewater into the Mediterranean Sea, but there were few Romans. [III]. The onus is on our generation and on those who follow to face and resolve this awesome challenge or else disappear. Nature makes no concessions. No species is sacred. [IV]

The marvelous achievements of modern technology have grown in the context of biological evolution. Living creatures have developed behavioral patterns to survive in a hostile environment. The advent of the human species has raised these techniques to a formidable and problematic degree of complexity and efficiency. The various crises faced by humans through the recent decades call into question the very viability of this complexity and raise a fundamental issue: Is complexity not doomed to destroy itself upon reaching a certain level which may, in fact, be the level it has reached today!

The significance of the possible failure of our complexity bears implications of cosmic dimensions. If life exists on other planets and living creatures have evolved and adapted, it is highly likely that intelligence and technology have developed as on Earth. Under these circumstances, crises analogous to ours have or will occur. A galactic voyage would reveal one of two distinct realities living green planets harboring beings that have resolved the crises, or dead planets covered with toxic or radioactive debris where they have not. It is from this perspective that the evolution of life on Earth takes on a truly cosmic significance.

(Adapted from Proficiency Final Countdown)

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

ENDING SCHOOL VIOLENCE AND BULLYING

Data about school violence and bullying:

School violence is widespread, takes place in all countries and affects a significant (7)_______ of children and adolescents. It is mostly perpetrated by peers but, in some cases, is perpetrated by teachers and other school (8) _______. School violence includes physical, psychological and sexual violence. In all regions except Europe and North America, physical bullying is the most common and sexual bullying is the second most common type of bullying. In Europe and North America, psychological bullying is the most common type of bullying.

What adults can do to prevent bullying:

·Help kids understand bullying. Talk about what bullying is and how to (9) _______ it safely. Tell kids bullying is unacceptable.

·Keep the lines of (10) _______ open. Check in with kids often. Listen to them. Know their friends, ask about school, and understand their concerns.

·Encourage kids to do what they love. Special activities, interests, and hobbies can boost confidence, and help kids make friends. (11) _______ their confidence and friendship, children can be protected from bullying behavior.

·By treating (12) _______ with kindness and respect, adults show the kids in their lives that there is no place for bullying. Kids will learn from adults' actions.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

One pre-pandemic estimate put the annual economic impact of BTS, a South Korean boyband, at $ 3.7 billion a year, making them the most valuable pop act ever. Ahead of their first tour since the pandemic, stadium concerts in Seoul, Los Angeles and Las Vegas sold out in minutes.

The band also has a fan base of unprecedented reach and engagement. The commitment of BTS fans, known as ARMYS, (18) _______ They translate BTS's interviews, songs and social-media posts into countless languages and organize to boost the band's streaming numbers. Their devotion to textual analysis of social and other media is astonishing.

So it came as a shock when BTS released a video (19) _______. Gathered around a table laden with food and wine, (20) _______. The band said they would take a break and pursue individual careers.

The effect was instant. The share price of the band's production company slumped by over a quarter and has yet to recover, despite reassurances that the break is temporary. (21) _______ Their faces and clothes are as flawless as those of other idols, but a confessional streak has long been part of their shtick. They admit to frailties and insecurities-but also emphasize self-belief. (22) _______. In South Korea, it appealed to youngsters coping with the pressures of a hyper-competitive education system, dwindling job prospects and rigid social expectations. Abroad, BTS won hearts and minds by supporting causes such as Black Lives Matter and appearing at the UN to call for children to be better protected from violence.

(Adapted from the Economist)

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6

If you are (1)_______ of tracking calorie intake, boring diets and not knowing where to start to improve your health, this is your app! At QNTCC, we offer you a different approach (2) _______ on a ketogenic and low-carbohydrate diet, without complications and with a lot of humor. What will you find (3) _______ the app?

Every Monday, you will receive a (4) _______with practical and realistic content so that you learn (5)_______ healthily, lose weight and, most importantly, enjoy the process. Here we also give you simple, tasty recipes adapted to your needs, so you can enjoy each meal without stress. This app can monitor your progress, record your meals and physical activity, and discover how small changes can have a big impact on your health.

Losing weight isn't just about numbers on the scale. It's about recovering your health, your energy and your life. No (6) _______ calories or obsessing about the scale. Just real food, easy recipes and healthy habits. Download QNTCC and discover how to eat well, lose weight and laugh in the process.

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6

If you are (1)_______ of tracking calorie intake, boring diets and not knowing where to start to improve your health, this is your app! At QNTCC, we offer you a different approach (2) _______ on a ketogenic and low-carbohydrate diet, without complications and with a lot of humor. What will you find (3) _______ the app?

Every Monday, you will receive a (4) _______with practical and realistic content so that you learn (5)_______ healthily, lose weight and, most importantly, enjoy the process. Here we also give you simple, tasty recipes adapted to your needs, so you can enjoy each meal without stress. This app can monitor your progress, record your meals and physical activity, and discover how small changes can have a big impact on your health.

Losing weight isn't just about numbers on the scale. It's about recovering your health, your energy and your life. No (6) _______ calories or obsessing about the scale. Just real food, easy recipes and healthy habits. Download QNTCC and discover how to eat well, lose weight and laugh in the process.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Contemporary crises from nuclear overarmament to the degradation of the biosphere - highlight the potentially absurd character of cosmic evolution. The essence of this drama can be described in three phases: nature generates complexity, complexity generates efficiency, and efficiency threatens the future of complexity.

Human beings possess prodigious intellectual faculties. They have split atoms, explored the solar system, and probed the first instants of the universe. [I]. The task they now face is incomparably more difficult: how to utilize the planet's finite resources to serve a projected population of 10 billion individuals. [II]. Our ancestors were never confronted with this problem. The Romans poured their wastewater into the Mediterranean Sea, but there were few Romans. [III]. The onus is on our generation and on those who follow to face and resolve this awesome challenge or else disappear. Nature makes no concessions. No species is sacred. [IV]

The marvelous achievements of modern technology have grown in the context of biological evolution. Living creatures have developed behavioral patterns to survive in a hostile environment. The advent of the human species has raised these techniques to a formidable and problematic degree of complexity and efficiency. The various crises faced by humans through the recent decades call into question the very viability of this complexity and raise a fundamental issue: Is complexity not doomed to destroy itself upon reaching a certain level which may, in fact, be the level it has reached today!

The significance of the possible failure of our complexity bears implications of cosmic dimensions. If life exists on other planets and living creatures have evolved and adapted, it is highly likely that intelligence and technology have developed as on Earth. Under these circumstances, crises analogous to ours have or will occur. A galactic voyage would reveal one of two distinct realities living green planets harboring beings that have resolved the crises, or dead planets covered with toxic or radioactive debris where they have not. It is from this perspective that the evolution of life on Earth takes on a truly cosmic significance.

(Adapted from Proficiency Final Countdown)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

One pre-pandemic estimate put the annual economic impact of BTS, a South Korean boyband, at $ 3.7 billion a year, making them the most valuable pop act ever. Ahead of their first tour since the pandemic, stadium concerts in Seoul, Los Angeles and Las Vegas sold out in minutes.

The band also has a fan base of unprecedented reach and engagement. The commitment of BTS fans, known as ARMYS, (18) _______ They translate BTS's interviews, songs and social-media posts into countless languages and organize to boost the band's streaming numbers. Their devotion to textual analysis of social and other media is astonishing.

So it came as a shock when BTS released a video (19) _______. Gathered around a table laden with food and wine, (20) _______. The band said they would take a break and pursue individual careers.

The effect was instant. The share price of the band's production company slumped by over a quarter and has yet to recover, despite reassurances that the break is temporary. (21) _______ Their faces and clothes are as flawless as those of other idols, but a confessional streak has long been part of their shtick. They admit to frailties and insecurities-but also emphasize self-belief. (22) _______. In South Korea, it appealed to youngsters coping with the pressures of a hyper-competitive education system, dwindling job prospects and rigid social expectations. Abroad, BTS won hearts and minds by supporting causes such as Black Lives Matter and appearing at the UN to call for children to be better protected from violence.

(Adapted from the Economist)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

WORK IN AN AUTOMATED FUTURE

Disruptive technologies are now dictating our future, as new innovations increasingly blur the lines between physical, digital and biological realms. Robots are already in our operating rooms and fast-food restaurants; we can now use 3D imaging and stem-cell extraction to grow human bones from a patient's own cells; and 3D printing is creating a circular economy in which we can use and then reuse raw materials.

This tsunami of technological innovation will continue to profoundly change how we live and work, and how our societies operate. In what is now called the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technologies that are coming of age including robotics, nanotechnology, virtual reality, 3D printing, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and advanced biology - will converge. And as these technologies continue to be developed and widely adopted, they will bring about radical shifts in all disciplines, industries and economies, and in the way that we produce, distribute, consume and dispose of goods and services.

These developments have provoked anxious questions about what role humans will play in a technology-driven world. A 2013 University of Oxford study estimates that almost half of all jobs in the United States could be lost to automation over the next two decades. On the other hand, economists such as Boston University's James Bessen argue that automation often goes hand in hand with the creation of new jobs. So which is it - new jobs or massive structural unemployment?

At this point, we can be certain that the Fourth Industrial Revolution will have a disruptive impact on employment, but no one can yet predict the scale of change. So, before we swallow all the bad news, we should look at history, which suggests that technological change more often affects the nature of work, rather than the opportunity to participate in the work itself.

(Adapted from The Jordan Times)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Contemporary crises from nuclear overarmament to the degradation of the biosphere - highlight the potentially absurd character of cosmic evolution. The essence of this drama can be described in three phases: nature generates complexity, complexity generates efficiency, and efficiency threatens the future of complexity.

Human beings possess prodigious intellectual faculties. They have split atoms, explored the solar system, and probed the first instants of the universe. [I]. The task they now face is incomparably more difficult: how to utilize the planet's finite resources to serve a projected population of 10 billion individuals. [II]. Our ancestors were never confronted with this problem. The Romans poured their wastewater into the Mediterranean Sea, but there were few Romans. [III]. The onus is on our generation and on those who follow to face and resolve this awesome challenge or else disappear. Nature makes no concessions. No species is sacred. [IV]

The marvelous achievements of modern technology have grown in the context of biological evolution. Living creatures have developed behavioral patterns to survive in a hostile environment. The advent of the human species has raised these techniques to a formidable and problematic degree of complexity and efficiency. The various crises faced by humans through the recent decades call into question the very viability of this complexity and raise a fundamental issue: Is complexity not doomed to destroy itself upon reaching a certain level which may, in fact, be the level it has reached today!

The significance of the possible failure of our complexity bears implications of cosmic dimensions. If life exists on other planets and living creatures have evolved and adapted, it is highly likely that intelligence and technology have developed as on Earth. Under these circumstances, crises analogous to ours have or will occur. A galactic voyage would reveal one of two distinct realities living green planets harboring beings that have resolved the crises, or dead planets covered with toxic or radioactive debris where they have not. It is from this perspective that the evolution of life on Earth takes on a truly cosmic significance.

(Adapted from Proficiency Final Countdown)

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

ENDING SCHOOL VIOLENCE AND BULLYING

Data about school violence and bullying:

School violence is widespread, takes place in all countries and affects a significant (7)_______ of children and adolescents. It is mostly perpetrated by peers but, in some cases, is perpetrated by teachers and other school (8) _______. School violence includes physical, psychological and sexual violence. In all regions except Europe and North America, physical bullying is the most common and sexual bullying is the second most common type of bullying. In Europe and North America, psychological bullying is the most common type of bullying.

What adults can do to prevent bullying:

·Help kids understand bullying. Talk about what bullying is and how to (9) _______ it safely. Tell kids bullying is unacceptable.

·Keep the lines of (10) _______ open. Check in with kids often. Listen to them. Know their friends, ask about school, and understand their concerns.

·Encourage kids to do what they love. Special activities, interests, and hobbies can boost confidence, and help kids make friends. (11) _______ their confidence and friendship, children can be protected from bullying behavior.

·By treating (12) _______ with kindness and respect, adults show the kids in their lives that there is no place for bullying. Kids will learn from adults' actions.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Contemporary crises from nuclear overarmament to the degradation of the biosphere - highlight the potentially absurd character of cosmic evolution. The essence of this drama can be described in three phases: nature generates complexity, complexity generates efficiency, and efficiency threatens the future of complexity.

Human beings possess prodigious intellectual faculties. They have split atoms, explored the solar system, and probed the first instants of the universe. [I]. The task they now face is incomparably more difficult: how to utilize the planet's finite resources to serve a projected population of 10 billion individuals. [II]. Our ancestors were never confronted with this problem. The Romans poured their wastewater into the Mediterranean Sea, but there were few Romans. [III]. The onus is on our generation and on those who follow to face and resolve this awesome challenge or else disappear. Nature makes no concessions. No species is sacred. [IV]

The marvelous achievements of modern technology have grown in the context of biological evolution. Living creatures have developed behavioral patterns to survive in a hostile environment. The advent of the human species has raised these techniques to a formidable and problematic degree of complexity and efficiency. The various crises faced by humans through the recent decades call into question the very viability of this complexity and raise a fundamental issue: Is complexity not doomed to destroy itself upon reaching a certain level which may, in fact, be the level it has reached today!

The significance of the possible failure of our complexity bears implications of cosmic dimensions. If life exists on other planets and living creatures have evolved and adapted, it is highly likely that intelligence and technology have developed as on Earth. Under these circumstances, crises analogous to ours have or will occur. A galactic voyage would reveal one of two distinct realities living green planets harboring beings that have resolved the crises, or dead planets covered with toxic or radioactive debris where they have not. It is from this perspective that the evolution of life on Earth takes on a truly cosmic significance.

(Adapted from Proficiency Final Countdown)

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6

If you are (1)_______ of tracking calorie intake, boring diets and not knowing where to start to improve your health, this is your app! At QNTCC, we offer you a different approach (2) _______ on a ketogenic and low-carbohydrate diet, without complications and with a lot of humor. What will you find (3) _______ the app?

Every Monday, you will receive a (4) _______with practical and realistic content so that you learn (5)_______ healthily, lose weight and, most importantly, enjoy the process. Here we also give you simple, tasty recipes adapted to your needs, so you can enjoy each meal without stress. This app can monitor your progress, record your meals and physical activity, and discover how small changes can have a big impact on your health.

Losing weight isn't just about numbers on the scale. It's about recovering your health, your energy and your life. No (6) _______ calories or obsessing about the scale. Just real food, easy recipes and healthy habits. Download QNTCC and discover how to eat well, lose weight and laugh in the process.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

WORK IN AN AUTOMATED FUTURE

Disruptive technologies are now dictating our future, as new innovations increasingly blur the lines between physical, digital and biological realms. Robots are already in our operating rooms and fast-food restaurants; we can now use 3D imaging and stem-cell extraction to grow human bones from a patient's own cells; and 3D printing is creating a circular economy in which we can use and then reuse raw materials.

This tsunami of technological innovation will continue to profoundly change how we live and work, and how our societies operate. In what is now called the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technologies that are coming of age including robotics, nanotechnology, virtual reality, 3D printing, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and advanced biology - will converge. And as these technologies continue to be developed and widely adopted, they will bring about radical shifts in all disciplines, industries and economies, and in the way that we produce, distribute, consume and dispose of goods and services.

These developments have provoked anxious questions about what role humans will play in a technology-driven world. A 2013 University of Oxford study estimates that almost half of all jobs in the United States could be lost to automation over the next two decades. On the other hand, economists such as Boston University's James Bessen argue that automation often goes hand in hand with the creation of new jobs. So which is it - new jobs or massive structural unemployment?

At this point, we can be certain that the Fourth Industrial Revolution will have a disruptive impact on employment, but no one can yet predict the scale of change. So, before we swallow all the bad news, we should look at history, which suggests that technological change more often affects the nature of work, rather than the opportunity to participate in the work itself.

(Adapted from The Jordan Times)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

WORK IN AN AUTOMATED FUTURE

Disruptive technologies are now dictating our future, as new innovations increasingly blur the lines between physical, digital and biological realms. Robots are already in our operating rooms and fast-food restaurants; we can now use 3D imaging and stem-cell extraction to grow human bones from a patient's own cells; and 3D printing is creating a circular economy in which we can use and then reuse raw materials.

This tsunami of technological innovation will continue to profoundly change how we live and work, and how our societies operate. In what is now called the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technologies that are coming of age including robotics, nanotechnology, virtual reality, 3D printing, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and advanced biology - will converge. And as these technologies continue to be developed and widely adopted, they will bring about radical shifts in all disciplines, industries and economies, and in the way that we produce, distribute, consume and dispose of goods and services.

These developments have provoked anxious questions about what role humans will play in a technology-driven world. A 2013 University of Oxford study estimates that almost half of all jobs in the United States could be lost to automation over the next two decades. On the other hand, economists such as Boston University's James Bessen argue that automation often goes hand in hand with the creation of new jobs. So which is it - new jobs or massive structural unemployment?

At this point, we can be certain that the Fourth Industrial Revolution will have a disruptive impact on employment, but no one can yet predict the scale of change. So, before we swallow all the bad news, we should look at history, which suggests that technological change more often affects the nature of work, rather than the opportunity to participate in the work itself.

(Adapted from The Jordan Times)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Contemporary crises from nuclear overarmament to the degradation of the biosphere - highlight the potentially absurd character of cosmic evolution. The essence of this drama can be described in three phases: nature generates complexity, complexity generates efficiency, and efficiency threatens the future of complexity.

Human beings possess prodigious intellectual faculties. They have split atoms, explored the solar system, and probed the first instants of the universe. [I]. The task they now face is incomparably more difficult: how to utilize the planet's finite resources to serve a projected population of 10 billion individuals. [II]. Our ancestors were never confronted with this problem. The Romans poured their wastewater into the Mediterranean Sea, but there were few Romans. [III]. The onus is on our generation and on those who follow to face and resolve this awesome challenge or else disappear. Nature makes no concessions. No species is sacred. [IV]

The marvelous achievements of modern technology have grown in the context of biological evolution. Living creatures have developed behavioral patterns to survive in a hostile environment. The advent of the human species has raised these techniques to a formidable and problematic degree of complexity and efficiency. The various crises faced by humans through the recent decades call into question the very viability of this complexity and raise a fundamental issue: Is complexity not doomed to destroy itself upon reaching a certain level which may, in fact, be the level it has reached today!

The significance of the possible failure of our complexity bears implications of cosmic dimensions. If life exists on other planets and living creatures have evolved and adapted, it is highly likely that intelligence and technology have developed as on Earth. Under these circumstances, crises analogous to ours have or will occur. A galactic voyage would reveal one of two distinct realities living green planets harboring beings that have resolved the crises, or dead planets covered with toxic or radioactive debris where they have not. It is from this perspective that the evolution of life on Earth takes on a truly cosmic significance.

(Adapted from Proficiency Final Countdown)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Contemporary crises from nuclear overarmament to the degradation of the biosphere - highlight the potentially absurd character of cosmic evolution. The essence of this drama can be described in three phases: nature generates complexity, complexity generates efficiency, and efficiency threatens the future of complexity.

Human beings possess prodigious intellectual faculties. They have split atoms, explored the solar system, and probed the first instants of the universe. [I]. The task they now face is incomparably more difficult: how to utilize the planet's finite resources to serve a projected population of 10 billion individuals. [II]. Our ancestors were never confronted with this problem. The Romans poured their wastewater into the Mediterranean Sea, but there were few Romans. [III]. The onus is on our generation and on those who follow to face and resolve this awesome challenge or else disappear. Nature makes no concessions. No species is sacred. [IV]

The marvelous achievements of modern technology have grown in the context of biological evolution. Living creatures have developed behavioral patterns to survive in a hostile environment. The advent of the human species has raised these techniques to a formidable and problematic degree of complexity and efficiency. The various crises faced by humans through the recent decades call into question the very viability of this complexity and raise a fundamental issue: Is complexity not doomed to destroy itself upon reaching a certain level which may, in fact, be the level it has reached today!

The significance of the possible failure of our complexity bears implications of cosmic dimensions. If life exists on other planets and living creatures have evolved and adapted, it is highly likely that intelligence and technology have developed as on Earth. Under these circumstances, crises analogous to ours have or will occur. A galactic voyage would reveal one of two distinct realities living green planets harboring beings that have resolved the crises, or dead planets covered with toxic or radioactive debris where they have not. It is from this perspective that the evolution of life on Earth takes on a truly cosmic significance.

(Adapted from Proficiency Final Countdown)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

One pre-pandemic estimate put the annual economic impact of BTS, a South Korean boyband, at $ 3.7 billion a year, making them the most valuable pop act ever. Ahead of their first tour since the pandemic, stadium concerts in Seoul, Los Angeles and Las Vegas sold out in minutes.

The band also has a fan base of unprecedented reach and engagement. The commitment of BTS fans, known as ARMYS, (18) _______ They translate BTS's interviews, songs and social-media posts into countless languages and organize to boost the band's streaming numbers. Their devotion to textual analysis of social and other media is astonishing.

So it came as a shock when BTS released a video (19) _______. Gathered around a table laden with food and wine, (20) _______. The band said they would take a break and pursue individual careers.

The effect was instant. The share price of the band's production company slumped by over a quarter and has yet to recover, despite reassurances that the break is temporary. (21) _______ Their faces and clothes are as flawless as those of other idols, but a confessional streak has long been part of their shtick. They admit to frailties and insecurities-but also emphasize self-belief. (22) _______. In South Korea, it appealed to youngsters coping with the pressures of a hyper-competitive education system, dwindling job prospects and rigid social expectations. Abroad, BTS won hearts and minds by supporting causes such as Black Lives Matter and appearing at the UN to call for children to be better protected from violence.

(Adapted from the Economist)